Unsaturated polyester resin is a kind of thermosetting resin, which can be cured into an insoluble polymer network polymer under the action of heat or initiator. However, this polymer has very low mechanical strength and cannot meet the requirements of most applications. When reinforced with glass fiber, it can become a composite material, commonly known as "FRP" (abbreviated as FRP).
Compared with the resin casting body, the performance has been greatly improved.
FRP based on unsaturated resin characteristics
1. Good corrosion resistance
It is a kind of good corrosion resistance material, can withstand general concentrations of acids, alkalis, salts, most organic solvents, sea water, atmosphere, oils, and has strong resistance to microorganisms. It is widely used in petroleum, chemical, and pesticides. , Medicine, dyes, electroplating, electrolysis, smelting, light industry and other fields of the national economy, playing a role that other materials cannot replace.
2. Lightweight and high strength
The density is 1.4-2.2g/cm3, which is 4-5 times lighter than steel, but its strength is not small, and its strength exceeds that of section steel, duralumin and fir. This is of great significance for products that need to reduce their own weight, such as aviation, aerospace, rockets, missiles, ordnance, and transportation. For example, the main structure of the Boeing 747 jet airliner uses 2.2 tons of FRP components, which effectively saves aircraft fuel, increases the speed, extends the endurance time, and increases the payload.
3. Unique thermal performance
The thermal conductivity is 0.3-0.4Kcal/mh℃, which is only 1/100-1/1000 of metal. It is an excellent thermal insulation material. The doors and windows made of it are the fifth generation of new energy-saving building materials. In addition, the coefficient of linear expansion of FRP is also very small, which is close to that of general metal materials. Therefore, the connection between FRP and metal will not cause stress due to thermal expansion, which is conducive to bonding with metal substrates or concrete structures.
4. Excellent processing performance
The processing technology is excellent, the process is simple, and it can be formed at one time. It can be formed at room temperature and pressure, and can be cured under heating and pressure. Moreover, there are no low molecular by-products during the curing process, which can produce relatively uniform products. Due to its excellent process performance, it has been widely used in the production of handicrafts, imitation marble products, polyester paint and other non-glass fiber reinforced materials in recent years.
5. Excellent electrical performance
The insulation performance is excellent, and it can still maintain good dielectric performance under the action of high frequency. It does not reflect radio waves, is not affected by electromagnetics, and has good microwave permeability. It is an ideal material for making radomes. Using it to make insulating parts in meters, motors, and electrical products can improve the service life and reliability of electrical appliances.
6. Good designability of materials
It is a composite material with UPR as the matrix and glass fiber as the reinforcing material. The two are processed into the final shape after one-time processing. So FRP is not only a material, but also a structure. The so-called designability includes two aspects:
(1) Functional design: FRP products with various special functions can be made by selecting the appropriate UPR and glass fiber, such as: corrosion-resistant products; instantaneous high-temperature resistant products; light-transmitting products Sheets; can be made into fire-resistant and flame-retardant products; can be made into UV-resistant products...
(2) Structural design: Various product structures can be flexibly designed according to needs, such as FRP doors and windows, FRP grilles, FRP steel pipes, FRP tanks, etc.
Classification of unsaturated polyester resin
1. According to the structure of unsaturated polyester resin, it can be divided into o-phthalic type, isophthalic type, p-benzene type, bisphenol A type, vinyl ester type, etc.;
2. According to its performance, it can be divided into general type, anti-corrosion type, self-extinguishing type, heat-resistant type, low shrinkage type, etc.;
3. According to its main use, it can be divided into two categories: FRP resin and non-FRP resin.
The so-called FRP products refer to various products made of resin with glass fiber and its products as reinforcing materials, also known as glass fiber reinforced plastics (abbreviated as FRP or FRP).
Non-glass reinforced plastic products are various products made by mixing resin and inorganic filler or using it alone, Also known as non-reinforced glass fiber reinforced plastic products.
4. Classified according to specific special types, including winding resin, injection resin, RTM (short for transfer molding) resin, pultrusion resin, SMC (sheet molding compound), BMC (bulk molding compound) resin, flame retardant resin , Food-grade resin, anti-corrosion resin, air-dry resin, Polaroid resin, handicraft resin, button resin, agate resin, artificial stone resin, high transparent resin crystal resin, putty resin, etc. As FRP surface decoration, anti-aging and flame-retardant gel coat, heat-resistant gel coat, spray gel coat, mold gel coat, non-cracking gel coat, radiation curing gel coat, high wear-resistant gel coat, etc.
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