Building doors and windows have a long history in China, which can be traced back to the Shang and Zhou eras more than 3,000 years ago.

With the development of society today, people's lives have increasingly higher requirements for doors and windows, and there are many types of doors and windows. Through this article, we will lead everyone to understand the various types of doors and windows that are popular in today's society.

1. Solid wood doors and windows

Doors and windows made of solid wood materials should be one of the oldest product types in China. In ancient times, there was no glass, and the doors and windows products made were hollowed out. At that time, the doors and windows could only play the role of light transmission, ventilation and protection from rain. Unlike now, with glass doors and windows, they can also have the function of heat preservation, sound insulation, anti-theft and wind resistance, which can really effectively achieve the indoor temperature and humidity comfort effect. .

2. Solid web steel doors and windows

The second type of door and window is the door and window with steel as the frame material. This kind of doors and windows were most used before the 1980s, and now we see cases of steel doors and windows in old buildings.

3. Open-web steel doors and windows

The policy of "substituting steel for wood" put forward by China in the last century. Open-web steel doors and windows have a wide range of sources, are light-weight and high-strength, and save materials. The anti-distortion and deformation performance of door and window frame sashes is obviously more advantageous. Open-web steel doors and windows The popularity of China has rapidly expanded China's door and window industry.

Open-web steel doors and windows are the first door and window products in the world in China, which opened up a new way of processing steel doors and windows. However, with the development of building energy efficiency in China, by the year 2000, like solid-web steel doors and windows, open-web steel doors and windows represented by the 25 series were restricted from use and gradually withdrew from the stage of history.

4. Color panel doors and windows

Color panel doors and windows is a major product upgrade activity in the steel door and window industry. The galvanized color plate doors and windows are bright in color, light in weight and corrosion resistant. In the mid-1990s, China had more than 90 production lines for color panel doors and windows. This technology was introduced from Italy, which greatly shortened the gap between China and foreign advanced countries in terms of steel door and window profile design capabilities. In 1999, five ministries and commissions jointly issued a document, while restricting the use of hollow and solid web steel doors and windows, and at the same time, proposed to promote the use of color panel doors and windows that meet energy-saving requirements. It can be seen that color panel doors and windows are transitional products from steel doors and windows to energy-saving plastic and aluminum alloy doors and windows.

5. Aluminum alloy doors and windows

Before the mandatory implementation of the national building energy efficiency regulations, ordinary aluminum alloy doors and windows were popular. Generally, such doors and windows were made of cavity-shaped aluminum alloy construction, which was used more in the 1990s.

The thermal insulation aluminum alloy door and window structure that meets the requirements of the building energy saving code requires thermal insulation strips between the aluminum alloy frame and fan materials, and the glass needs to use insulating glass. This type of product is currently the most widely used door and window type in China.

6. Plastic doors and windows

The first type of energy-saving doors and windows is based on plastic profiles. Because of the heat transfer performance of plastic itself and its multi-cavity structure, the heat transfer performance is much better than that of aluminum alloy. In Europe, due to the strict requirements for building energy saving, plastic doors and windows are the most commonly used door and window products. Because the strength of the plastic material itself is not as good as that of metal, a steel lining is added inside the plastic cavity to increase the strength.

7. FRP doors and windows

The second type of energy-saving doors and windows is glass steel profile doors and windows. The profile of FRP doors and windows is made of medium-alkali glass fiber non-twisted roving and its fabric as the reinforcing material, and unsaturated resin as the matrix material. The two materials are combined through a special process, and other mineral fillers are added. Extruded into various hollow profiles of different cross-sections. FRP, or glass fiber reinforced material, is a new type of composite material developed at the beginning of the 20th century abroad. It has many advantages such as light weight, high strength, anti-corrosion, heat preservation, insulation, and sound insulation. The current products of FRP profiles have only one cavity structure, and their thermal insulation performance is limited. The domestic application of this type of doors and windows is still in its infancy and has not yet been promoted.

8. Aluminum-clad wooden doors and windows

This product uses wood material as the main frame fan and aluminum alloy as the decorative outer layer. It has the excellent heat preservation and heat transfer performance of wooden profiles, and at the same time has excellent decoration and durability of aluminum alloy. It is a combination of decorative durability and heat preservation and energy saving effect. All in one product.

The current wooden profiles are not cut from the same piece of wood in ancient times. The overall frame material is actually prone to deformation and warping, which is not conducive to airtight and waterproof doors and windows. The modern wood series are made of multiple wooden strips, which enhance the deformation resistance of the entire frame material and reduce the loss at the same time.

9. Wood and aluminum composite profile doors and windows

This product uses thermally insulated aluminum alloy as the main profile cavity, and uses wood as the decorative surface layer on the indoor side to meet people's retro needs; the outdoor layer is aluminum alloy, which has good durability. The biggest advantage is that both indoor and outdoor sides are materials with better decorative effects.

10. Aluminum-plastic co-extrusion profile doors and windows

The main profile type is still plastic, but it is no longer supplemented by steel lining. Instead, the aluminum alloy structure has been added during the extrusion of the profile to achieve the effect of co-extrusion. The purpose is to improve its strength, but in terms of processing performance There are still tests in terms of deformation and deformation performance, and it is still in the promotion stage.

11. New reinforced plastic door and window profiles

There is no need to install steel lining in the plastic profile cavity, but a reinforcing material co-extruded with plastic. Its melting point is close to PVC, which can replace existing steel reinforcement, optimize the extrusion process of door and window profiles, and complete the production in one step. Ultradur® high-strength PBT is a lightweight reinforcement material that can provide door and window profiles with the mechanical properties required to withstand strong winds, and can greatly reduce heat transfer compared with steel. The strength of plastic profiles can be improved without using steel lining. This product innovation is also the result of the promotion of the chemical industry.

12. Reinforced fiber composite plastic doors and windows

This is a door and window that uses reinforced fiber materials. On the surface, it is a plastic profile, but in fact it only contains a plastic surface layer on the surface, and the inner layer is the kind of reinforced fiber material that has been used in the aviation field. Multi-cavity structure, filled with foam thermal insulation material, excellent thermal insulation performance, it is one of the few special doors and windows for passive houses at present. This product avoids the influence of lining steel thermal bridges on plastic windows, and at the same time, the decorative effect of the outer surface is the same as that of plastic profile windows. It combines the advantages of plastic and glass fiber reinforced plastic materials. It has high application value in the passive house field.

13. Aluminum-clad polyurethane plastic profile doors and windows

Have you ever seen a type of door and window profile that is filled with some kind of plastic in the profile cavity? From the outside, it is aluminum alloy style, but the inner core is polyester plastic with very good thermal insulation performance.

14. Aluminum-clad PVC plastic profile door and window products

The plastic profile achieves excellent thermal insulation performance with multiple cavities, and at the same time its unique welding combination characteristics achieve its high-quality air-tight performance. In order to enhance its anti-ultraviolet and weather resistance, an aluminum alloy protective layer is added to its outer skin, and its external decorative effect is also improved, so that the luxurious effect of aluminum alloy is realized at a lower cost.

15. Glass fiber reinforced polyurethane energy-saving doors and windows

Recently, another multi-material composite profile door and window has appeared, called "glass fiber reinforced polyurethane door and window." Glass fiber reinforced polyurethane energy-saving doors and windows, the pultruded window frame profile used is made of glass fiber as a reinforced material, a unique polyurethane resin as a matrix, and produced by an injection dipping pultrusion process. Its thermal conductivity is only 1/700 of aluminum alloy, and it is an excellent thermal insulation material, especially in areas with large temperature differences, cold or hotter areas, which have obvious thermal insulation effects. The linear expansion coefficient is similar to the thermal expansion coefficient of the wall, and there will be no gap between the window and the wall when the temperature changes, so it has a good sealing performance. It also has the performance advantages of light weight, strong tensile strength, large flexural modulus, environmental protection, and non-volatile organic compounds. This should be regarded as a kind of FRP doors and windows, but the resin used is different.

Summarize

There are many types of doors and windows, and with the progress of the times, more products with excellent performance will be developed. At present, these products have application advantages in different construction projects. Therefore, when choosing doors and windows, people need to choose the most suitable profile according to the use scene and specific requirements.